All visitors are logged and counted. Click on this icon to view the visitor-statistics. The grand encyclopedia of computer terminology This encyclopedia is compiled by produkties.uithuizen.net This explains the most common computerterms which you can encounter. This list was compiled from several sources. It does not explain HTML commands in detail because for this purpose another encyclopedia is available.The most recent update of this document can be found at: http://www.uithuizen.net/encyclopedia/terms.php Choose a list of terms you want to see .A-.Z   0-9   A   B   C   D   E   F   G   H   I   J   K   L    M   N   O   P   Q   R   S   T   U   V   W   X   Y   Z Type a term you want to search for: and You want more information? Well click on these links: Random House Personal Computer Dictionary v      V   VxD 67 items available in this category V Overflow Flag. The flag that the processor sets when an operation results in an overflow. V.21 Standard for modem communications at 300 bps. modems made in the US or Canada follow the Bell 103 standard. However, the modem can be set to answer V.21 calls from overseas. V.22 Standard for modem communications at 1200 bps, compatible with the Bell 212A standard observed in the US and Canada. V.22 bis Standard for modem communications at 2400 bps. The standard includes an automatic link negotiation fallback to 1200 bps and compatibility with Bell 212A/V.22 modems. V.23 Standard for modem communications at 1200 bps with a 75 bps back channel. V.24 Standards laid down by the CCITT for interfacing a digital device to a PTT-supplied modem. V.24 is also used as an interface standard for connecting a peripheral device, such as a visual display unit or a printer, to a computer. V.25 Standard for modem communications that specifies an answer tone different from the Bell answer tone used in the US and Cananda. V.32 Standard for modem communications at 9600 bps and 4800 bps. V.32 modems fall back at 4800 bps when line quality is impaired, and fall forward again to 9600 bps when line quality improves. V.32 bis Standard that extends the V.32 connection range: 4800,7200, 9600, 12K and 14.4K bps. V.32 bis modems fall back to the next lower speed when line quality is impaired, and fall back further as necessary. They fall forward to the next higher speed when line quality improves. V.35 See V.24. V.42 Standard for modem communications that defines a two-stage process of detection and negotiation for LAPM error control. V.42 also supports the MNP error control protocol. V.42 bis An extention of V.42 that defines a specific data compression scheme for use with V.42 and MNP error control. V86 Virtual-86 Mode. One of the operating modes of the 80386 and 80486 processors in which user programs run as if the CPU were in Real Mode, while providing the protection and address-mapping capabilities of Protected Mode to a supervisor program which oversees the virtual machine on which the user programs are running. This mode is called Virtual-86 because one or more virtual 8086 environments are run on a single CPU. VAGRNOCKER Known spyware or adware. Van Jacobsen Header Compression Van Jacobsen Header compression (VJ) was developed to improve the efficiency of SLIP connections. Each SLIP packet contains header information and some actual data. Since the header information in adjacent SLIP packets is usually fairly similar, a lot less header information can be sent if the differences are sent. SLIP with VJ Header Compression enabled is called CSLIP. PPP supports header compression as an option. Vanish Known spyware or adware. VARDO Known spyware or adware. VBA Visual Basic for Applications. VBS.Lolo Known spyware or adware. VBS.Network.C Known spyware or adware. VBS.Vbswg2b.A@mm Known spyware or adware. VBSWG Known spyware or adware. VBX Visual Basic custom controls. vCard A new standard, supported by some mailing systems, to make it possible to send a digital business card, including complete layout, via E-mail. VCatch Known spyware or adware. VCPI Virtual Control Program Interface. A simple API for protected-mode programs to allocate memory and switch into or out of protected mode. See also DPMI. VCR Video Cassette Recorder. VCS Video Compression Sampler. VDA Visual Data Analysis. Vector The 80x86 family of processors allows programs to communicate with the operating system through what is called a "software interrupt", which always has a number in the range 0 to 255. This is termed a "vector" and is the one of the key mechanisms to pass control to the MS-DOS operating system. Usually the vectors are expressed in hexadecimal, with the range 0x00 to 0xFF. The 0x in front of the number means that we are using hexadecimal numbers instead of decimal numbers. They may also be expressed in the notation 00H to FFH, or $00 to $FF. If you are dealing with packet drivers, hexadecimal notation is much more common, but occasionally they are expressed in decimal. vector image format A non raster image format that contains vector information (in the strictest definition; usually not) which is a collection of geometric shapes that combine to make an image. The information is recorded as mathematical formulas. It cannot reproduce photo-realistic images, but is scaleable without distortion which makes it more versatile as raster image format, and it produces rather small files. In some cases, vector pictures can be ungrouped into smaller components. Veronica Acronym of Very Easy Rodent Oriented Net-wide Index to Computerized Archives. Veronica is a constantly updated database of the names of almost every menu item on thousands of gopher servers. The Veronica database can be searched from most major gopher menus. See Also: Gopher. VESA Acronym of Video Electronic Standard Association; An industry group which sets both hardware and software standards and recommendations. The term VESA is also used to denote compliance with the VESA SuperVGA BIOS Extensions, a standard set of video BIOS functions for accessing video modes of higher resolution than those defined by IBM. VFAT Acronym of Virtual file Allocation Table. VGA Acronym of Video Graphics Array; An IBM standard video display consisting of 480x640 pixels with 16 colors or 320x200 pixels with 256 colors. video capture Conversion of an analog video signal into digital form so it can be saved in computer memory and manipulated with graphics- or other software. Once digitized, an image can be stored in a document or database, incorporated into CD-based applications, or transmitted over a network. videobandwidth The frequency in MHz with which all information for image generation can be transmitted by the graphics card to the monitor, and at the same time can be processed by the monitor. The higher this rate, the better the monitor. virtual Simulation of the real thing. Virtual means "almost." Virtual appears before various computer-related terms today to indicate simulation technology that enables you to cross boundaries and experience something without needing its physical presence. Virtual Bouncer Known spyware or adware. virtual machine A virtual machine can be either the entire Windows session, or any DOS session active within Windows. virtual memory Free memory + all files that are used to simulate memory. Virtual Reality Refers to the art/science of creating worlds that are totally rendered by computers in which the user can immerse themselves and take 360-degree perspectives. VirtuMonde Known spyware or adware. virus A series of coded instructions that take over the control of the CPU. These programs usually tell the computer to perform dangerous and unusual actions. In 1982 the first computer virus ever appeared. Its name was Elk Cloner and it was written by Richard Skrenta a 15 year aged student at that time. Skrenta programmed the virus on an Apple II computer. He added an routine to the floppy disks of copied games that destroyed the game after a certain number of starts. Then a message was printed on the screen that pointed out that it was a deliberate action and not a technical failure. The victims soon discovered that Skrenta was the origin and they forbid him to touch their floppy disks. Skrenta searched for another way to manipulate the software and installed on the computer at his school a program that copied itself to all the floppy disks that were inserted in the computer. The program infiltrated Apple Dos and every 50th start it printed a message on the screen: Elk Cloner: The program with a personality It will get on all your disks It will infiltrate your chips Yes It´s Cloner! It will stick to you like glue It will modify RAM too Send in the Cloner! Besides spreading itself and printing the message, the virus did nothing else, so it was harmless. Because virusscanners didn´t exist, the virus had to me manually removed which was a tedious task. The first virus that globally spread was Pakistani Brain, which in 1986 was detected on IBM PC systems. It was written by two Pakistani brothers who owned a computer store. They were annoyed that many people copied software instead of buying it. This virus changed the volume label of floppy disks in ´(c) Brain´ and was also harmless. Because Pakistani Brain was the first virus that globally spread, also 1986 is sometimes regarded as the year of birth of computer viruses. virusscanner A program that recognizes viruses. Vividence Connector Known spyware or adware. VividGalut Known spyware or adware. Vl.PornDialer Known spyware or adware. VLB Vesa Local Bus; a bus design which is faster than the standard ISA bus. VLSI Acronym of Very Large Scale Integration. Characteristic of integrated circuits containing over 1 million transistors on a single chip. VM 1) Virtual Memory. 2) Virtual Machine; The in the 386-Enhanced-mode of Windows for each application simulated software environment that for each application simulates that the application runs alone on a single computer. VMM 1) Virtual Memory Manager; Build-in software that manages the virtual memory. It uses a page table to make links between logical application pages and the real, physical memory pages. 2) Virtual Machine Manager. VOLAC Known spyware or adware. VOTE.D Known spyware or adware. VR Acronym of Virtual Reality. VRAM Acronym of Video Random Access Memory; a freely accesible part of the memory for storage of video-information. VRML Virtual Reality Modelling Language. A new programming language that extends the possibilities of the WWW extensively. Vsen.MB Known spyware or adware. VSN Acronym of Volume Serial Number. VX2 Known spyware or adware. VX2/a Known spyware or adware. VX2/b Known spyware or adware. VX2/e Known spyware or adware. VX2/e.SA Known spyware or adware. VX2/f Known spyware or adware. VX2/g Known spyware or adware. VxD Virtual device Driver. This encyclopedia is for informational purposes only. All (registered) trademarks mentioned are property of their respective owners. No infringement of third party rights intended. The author cannot garantuee that the information presented is complete or that it contains no errors.